Distritão é o sistema eleitoral mais justo, defende Glaustin

O deputado federal Glaustin da Fokus (PSC-GO) protocolou nesta terça-feira (4) uma sugestão para que o Brasil adote o “distritão” como sistema eleitoral, por meio da Proposta de Emenda à Constituição (PEC) 125/11. O parlamentar defendeu a ideia durante a instalação da comissão especial responsável por analisar a PEC, que adia eleições marcadas para data próxima a um feriado nacional.

“Hoje, quando o eleitor vota em deputados federais e estaduais ou vereadores, ele não está necessariamente elegendo o candidato que escolheu”, destacou Glaustin, por videoconferência. “Assim, ele deposita na urna um voto que pode ser contabilizado para eleger um parlamentar que ele sequer conhece e que, portanto, dificilmente vai representá-lo. O sistema proporcional é complexo. Se adotarmos um modelo mais simples, os brasileiros conseguirão entender melhor seu funcionamento, o que pode aperfeiçoar a participação política.”

A proposta de Glaustin estabelece o sistema majoritário em todas as eleições para cargos legislativos, alterando, dessa forma, os artigos 29 e 45 da Constituição Federal. O primeiro trata das escolhas para as câmaras de vereadores e o segundo, do processo eleitoral relativo a deputados federais – cujas regras constitucionais se estendem aos deputados estaduais.

“O ‘distritão’ traz o voto único, majoritário e intransferível, em que os candidatos mais votados são os eleitos”, disse Glaustin. “É por isso que defendo, sem hesitar, que se trata do sistema mais justo, caminhando ao encontro dos princípios democráticos, por qualificar de verdade a representação política, valorizar o voto e tornar o processo eletivo mais transparente e simples.”

A comissão especial deve gerar um projeto substitutivo, que poderia, então, ser levado ao plenário. A proposta precisa ser aprovada até outubro para que as mudanças sejam válidas já nas eleições de 2022. Do contrário, as novas regras surtiriam efeito apenas em 2024, uma vez que a Constituição Federal proíbe a adoção de normas admitidas com menos de um ano de antecedência.
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